MOTS-c is a short amino chain peptide which is encoded in the mitochondrial genome; it’s actually a part of a much broader category of mitochondrial-derived peptides (MDPs). Initially, most research around mitochondrial derived peptides looked at their activity within the cell nucleus and its effects once they enter the bloodstream. More recent research on animals was able to identify the bioactive effects of the MDPs hormones and peptides, along with their energy regulation role.
As for MOTS-c, it was first identified in 2015, and stands for the mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA gene, which is 16 amino acids long.
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